DB Physics Arithmeticam

This software is published under the GNU General Public License v3.0.

Internal movement of a quark.

Coding the dimensional basic

The separate fundamental forces of nature: – the strong interaction, the electromagnetic interaction, the weak interaction and the gravitational interaction – are calculatable with one formula out of one principle. The statistical math of the quantum theory is set aside in favor of a goniometric approach. Gravitation is the only force that matters and the strong force, the electromagnetic force and the weak force can be explained out of gravitation, while gravity itself is only caused by the curvature of a mass, corresponding with a certain amount of bending of spacetime.

The axiom is that the most elementary particle in existence is the dimensional basic (db or

). The

itself has no dimensions (no length, no width and no height). The

is found everywhere in the universe and is always moving through spacetime, where the speed of the movement of the

, in respect to its surroundings, can have any value. The curvature of space on the location of the

is infinite while time on the location of the

stands still. The

behaves like a black hole without dimensions. The

is the building block of all that we perceive.

The formula for the extent of spacetime curvature around a

is:

In the formula: x, y, z, are coordinates in spacetime [m], Kr = curvature [m^-1].

Formula (0) describes the relative lessened extent of curvature of spacetime surrounding the

.

The distance between the various

s varies in time by movements relative to each other. The direction of movement is being influenced according to gravitational laws. The tracks of movement are being influenced by the curvature of spacetime caused by the

s themselves. This means that spacetime surrounding a

gets smaller when the

s are approaching each other while spacetime surrounding a

gets bigger when the

s move away from each other.

The

is different than other particles in that respect that other particles consist out of multiple

s while the

itself is a singular particle. Each

is a singularity (infinite curvature) on itself while other particles than the

are a combination of multiple

s and thus a system of multiple singularities.

The observed forces (strong, electromagnetic, weak and gravitation) have the same origin. The cause of these forces are because of the characteristics of a singular

. The observed forces are in fact a sum of circular movements that come to exist when multiple

s interact with each other.

Figure 1: The tracks of two interacting

s on different distances from each other.
(Original: Deflection of the tracks of a photon close to an object with a heavy mass).

In figure 1 is shown how the movement tracks of photons react to the event horizon of a black hole. The same regularity applies to a binary black hole system. This is equal to the movement tracks of two

s in respect to each other with the difference that the two

s have no event horizon. The Pauli principle is never violated because the

s have no dimensions, they can approach each other, but can never touch each other. These movement tracks are equal in behavior to Newton’s laws of gravity. On the basis of that information the Borland C computer program ‘Newton’ has been developed. This computer program shows the movement tracks of

s in three dimensional spacetime, in which the movement tracks of the

s follow the gravitational laws. A three dimensional snapshot with nine interacting

s is shown in figure 2. In this figure the Einsteinian bending of spacetime has not been taken into account. The computer program ‘Newton’ gives the possibility to show the time delay in video, as seen by an outside observer thus making clear the principle of time delay.

Figure 2: The movement tracks of nine

s during a random time.

The second model that has been developed is the Borland C computer plot program ‘Einstein’. This computer program has been developed to show how spacetime around a

is being bend as seen by an outside observer, the extent of bending calculated according to formula (0).br>
Just like one

as a singular singularity causes bending of spacetime because of an infinite curvature, a multitude of

s will show a stronger bending of spacetime because of a sum of infinite curvatures. As Einstein made clear, we can speak of curbed spacetime instead of linear spacetime. The more mass an object has, the more spacetime bends. In fact mass is the sum of the curvatures of a certain amount of

s close to each other. In case of for example three billion

s one can speak of three billion times infinite curvature. This makes it possible to isolate infinite numbers in comparison equations and thus mass can be expressed as an absolute number. One can say that a cluster of a certain amount of

s will have an absolute number of infinite curvatures. In this way one can speak of mass A with X times infinite curvatures, while mass B has Y times infinite curvatures. The infinities on both sides of the comparison can be done away with and only the absolute proportions of X and Y remain for the respective masses. A cluster of

s with an absolute amount of

s correlates with the mass of an object and thus a certain extent of bending of spacetime.

The extent of bending of spacetime is calculated using formula (0), where the extent of curvature on a specific position of spacetime is being calculated. A bigger curvature means that spacetime is more bended, whereas a smaller curvature means that spacetime is less bended.

An example of this is shown in figure 3. In figure 3 the plot of a cube of spacetime is shown. The Einsteinian bending of a cube of spacetime is made visual. While figure 3a shows no bending of spacetime because of the absence of a

, the bending in a cube of spacetime, and thus deformed distances for an outside observer, in figure 3b have been calculated according to formula (0) because of the position of a

in the center of the cube of spacetime. At the center of the six surfaces of the cube of spacetime the distance to the

is the smallest, for the outside observer it appears that that piece of spacetime is closer to the

than it should be in linear (uncurbed) spacetime, this because of the bending of spacetime, made visual by formula (0). Hence the pointy form of the corners of the cube of spacetime, there the distance to the

is the biggest. Because of the bending of spacetime the distance is bigger for the outside observer than it should be according to a linear scale, this again made visual by calculating the extent of bending of spacetime according to formula (0). The closer spacetime is to a

, the higher the curvature and the more spacetime will be bend.

Figure 3: The bending of a cube of spacetime under the influence of a

3a. Uncurbed (linear) cube of spacetime. 3b. Cube of spacetime curbed by the presence of a in the center.

Conclusion: The Newtonian laws represent the straight movement paths as being caused by the bending of spacetime, just like Einstein made clear. Thus Newton’s laws of gravity apply to the movement paths of the

or a multitude of

s.
Both computer programs together represent the movement and character of the

. The reality of the

can be simulated by computer programs according to gravitational laws, taking into account the reality of formula (0) and the thereby caused bending of spacetime, with, as seen by an outside observer, the observed bending of spacetime and time delay. A third model, combining the linear Newtonian laws of gravity with Einsteinian bending of space and delay of time should be able to simulate the universe as a whole. Whereas a model with an infinite amount of

s is practically not possible, a model with a subset of a large number of

s should be possible.

Below the sources codes of the Borland C computer programs ‘Newton’ and ‘Einstein’ can be seen, while not making a choice shows a MS Quick Basic example of

movement analysis with which figure 2 has been calculated.

Download article (PDF):
Coding the dimensional basic

Download code (TXT):
dbmove.bas newton.cpp einstein.cpp

Show code:
Program Newton Program Einstein

0	REM (C) G.J. Smit, Nijmegen, Nederland
1	REM This software is published under the GNU General Public License v3.0
2	REM www.dbphysics.com
3	REM Program purpose: db movement analysis
4
5	KEY(1) ON: ON KEY(1) GOSUB afrondschoonscherm
6	KEY(2) ON: ON KEY(2) GOSUB andermode
7	KEY(3) ON: ON KEY(3) GOSUB nieuwecoordinaten
8	KEY(4) ON: ON KEY(4) GOSUB windowgrootte
9	KEY(5) ON: ON KEY(5) GOSUB sterktezwaartekracht
10	KEY(6) ON: ON KEY(6) GOSUB nieuwaantaldeeltjes
11	KEY(7) ON: ON KEY(7) GOSUB lijnmetwis
12	KEY(8) ON: ON KEY(8) GOSUB lijnzonderwis
13	KEY(9) ON: ON KEY(9) GOSUB willekeuroud
14	KEY(10) ON: ON KEY(10) GOSUB willekeurnieuw
15
16
17	DIM x(100, 103), y(100, 103), z(100, 103), xfz(100), yfz(100), zfz(100)
18	DIM x2d(200), y2d(200)
19
20	SCREEN 12, 0: CLS
21	xyz = 100
22	mfz = .1
23	aantal = 3
24	scherm = 1
25	begincord = 1
26	lijn = 0
27	willoud = 100
28	willnieuw = 1
29	wg = 3 * willoud
30	afrond = 0
31
32	WINDOW (-wg, wg)-(wg, -wg)
33
34	prog = 1
35
36	WHILE prog > 0
37
38	CLS
39
40	FOR tel = 0 TO aantal - 1
41	x(tel, 0) = (RND(1) * 2 * willoud) - willoud: x(tel, 1) = x(tel, 0) + (RND(1) * 2 * willnieuw) - willnieuw
42	y(tel, 0) = (RND(1) * 2 * willoud) - willoud: y(tel, 1) = y(tel, 0) + (RND(1) * 2 * willnieuw) - willnieuw
43	z(tel, 0) = (RND(1) * 2 * willoud) - willoud: z(tel, 1) = z(tel, 0) + (RND(1) * 2 * willnieuw) - willnieuw
44	NEXT tel
45
46	IF begincord = 1 THEN GOSUB bcord
47
48	GOSUB status
49
50	prog = 2
51
52	WHILE prog > 1
53
54	FOR tel1 = 0 TO aantal - 1
55	x(tel1, 2) = x(tel1, 1) - x(tel1, 0)
56	y(tel1, 2) = y(tel1, 1) - y(tel1, 0)
57	z(tel1, 2) = z(tel1, 1) - z(tel1, 0)
58	FOR tel2 = tel1 TO aantal - 1
59	x(tel1, 3 + tel1) = x(tel2, 1) - x(tel1, 1)
60	y(tel1, 3 + tel1) = y(tel2, 1) - y(tel1, 1)
61	z(tel1, 3 + tel1) = z(tel2, 1) - z(tel1, 1)
62	x(tel2, 3 + tel2) = -x(tel1, 3 + tel1)
63	y(tel2, 3 + tel2) = -y(tel1, 3 + tel1)
64	z(tel2, 3 + tel2) = -z(tel1, 3 + tel1)
65	x(tel1, 3 + aantal + tel1) = ABS(x(tel1, 3 + tel1))
66	y(tel1, 3 + aantal + tel1) = ABS(y(tel1, 3 + tel1))
67	z(tel1, 3 + aantal + tel1) = ABS(z(tel1, 3 + tel1))
68	x(tel2, 3 + aantal + tel2) = ABS(x(tel2, 3 + tel2))
69	y(tel2, 3 + aantal + tel2) = ABS(y(tel2, 3 + tel2))
70	z(tel2, 3 + aantal + tel2) = ABS(z(tel2, 3 + tel2))
71	NEXT tel2
72	NEXT tel1
73
74	FOR tel1 = 0 TO aantal - 1
75	xfz(tel1) = 0
76	yfz(tel1) = 0
77	zfz(tel1) = 0
78	FOR tel2 = 0 TO aantal - 1
79	IF x(tel1, 3 + aantal + tel2) > 0 THEN xfz(tel1) = xfz(tel1) + x(tel1, 3 + tel2) * mfz / x(tel1, 3 + aantal + tel2)
80	IF y(tel1, 3 + aantal + tel2) > 0 THEN yfz(tel1) = yfz(tel1) + y(tel1, 3 + tel2) * mfz / y(tel1, 3 + aantal + tel2)
81	IF z(tel1, 3 + aantal + tel2) > 0 THEN zfz(tel1) = zfz(tel1) + z(tel1, 3 + tel2) * mfz / z(tel1, 3 + aantal + tel2)
82	NEXT tel2
83	x(tel1, 0) = x(tel1, 1)
84	IF afrond = 0 THEN x(tel1, 1) = x(tel1, 0) + x(tel1, 2) + xfz(tel1) ELSE x(tel1, 1) = INT(x(tel1, 0) + x(tel1, 2) + xfz(tel1))
85	y(tel1, 0) = y(tel1, 1)
86	IF afrond = 0 THEN y(tel1, 1) = y(tel1, 0) + y(tel1, 2) + yfz(tel1) ELSE y(tel1, 1) = INT(y(tel1, 0) + y(tel1, 2) + yfz(tel1))
87	z(tel1, 0) = z(tel1, 1)
88	IF afrond = 0 THEN z(tel1, 1) = z(tel1, 0) + z(tel1, 2) + zfz(tel1) ELSE z(tel1, 1) = INT(z(tel1, 0) + z(tel1, 2) + zfz(tel1))
89	NEXT tel1
90
91	midx = 0
92	midy = 0
93	midz = 0
94
95	FOR tel = 0 TO aantal - 1
96	midx = midx + x(tel, 1)
97	midy = midy + y(tel, 1)
98	midz = midz + z(tel, 1)
99	NEXT tel
100
101	midx = midx / aantal
102	midy = midy / aantal
103	midz = midz / aantal
104
105
106	w2dx = midy - midx * .5
107	w2dy = midz - midx * .5
108
109	IF lijn = 2 THEN GOSUB wislijn:
110
111	FOR tel = 0 TO aantal - 1
112	x2d(tel) = y(tel, 1) - x(tel, 1) * .5
113	y2d(tel) = z(tel, 1) - x(tel, 1) * .5
114	NEXT tel
115
116	WINDOW (-wg + w2dx, wg + w2dy)-(wg + w2dx, -wg + w2dy)
117
118	IF lijn = 0 THEN GOSUB tekenpunt: ELSE GOSUB tekenlijn:
119
120	WEND
121	WEND
122
123	andermode:
124	scherm = scherm + 1
125	IF scherm > 2 THEN scherm = 0
126	IF scherm = 0 THEN SCREEN 9, 0: WIDTH 80, 43: COLOR 1, 10
127	IF scherm = 1 THEN SCREEN 12: WIDTH 80, 60
128	IF scherm = 2 THEN SCREEN 13
129	GOSUB status
130	RETURN
131
132	afrondschoonscherm:
133	IF afrond = 0 THEN afrond = 1 ELSE afrond = 0
134	GOSUB status
135	RETURN
136
137	nieuwecoordinaten:
138	prog = 1
139	CLS
140	RETURN
141
142	sterktezwaartekracht:
143	PRINT "Mate van zwaartekracht is:"; mfz
144	INPUT "Nieuwe mate:", mfz
145	GOSUB status
146	RETURN
147
148	nieuwaantaldeeltjes:
149	PRINT "Aantal deeltjes is:"; aantal
150	INPUT "Nieuw aantal:", aantal
151	IF aantal < 1 THEN aantal = 1
152	IF aantal > 50 THEN aantal = 50
153	CLS
154	prog = 1
155	RETURN
156
157	windowgrootte:
158	PRINT "Windowgrootte is:"; wg
159	INPUT "Nieuwe grootte:", wg
160	IF wg < 10 THEN wg = 10
161	IF wg > 500 THEN wg = 500
162	GOSUB status:
163	RETURN
164
165	willekeuroud:
166	PRINT "Randomize oude co rdinaat is:"; willoud
167	INPUT "Nieuwe randomize factor:"; willoud
168	IF willoud < 1 THEN willoud = 1
169	IF willoud > 10000 THEN willoud = 10000
170	wg = 3 * willoud
171	CLS
172	prog = 1
173	RETURN
174
175	willekeurnieuw:
176	PRINT "Randomize nieuwe co rdinaat is:"; willnieuw
177	INPUT "Nieuwe randomize factor:"; willnieuw
178	IF willnieuw < .0000001 THEN willoud = .0000001
179	IF willnieuw > 1000 THEN willnieuw = 1000
180	CLS
181	prog = 1
182	RETURN
183
184
185	lijnzonderwis:
186	IF lijn = 1 THEN lijn = 0 ELSE lijn = 1
187	CLS
188	IF lijn = 0 THEN GOSUB status:
189	RETURN
190
191	lijnmetwis:
192	IF lijn = 2 THEN lijn = 0 ELSE lijn = 2
193	CLS
194	IF lijn = 0 THEN GOSUB status:
195	RETURN
196
197
198	bcord:
199	begincord = 0
200	x(0, 0) = xyz: x(0, 1) = xyz
201	y(0, 0) = 0: y(0, 1) = -.9
202	z(0, 0) = 0: z(0, 1) = .9
203	x(1, 0) = 0: x(1, 1) = .9
204	y(1, 0) = xyz: y(1, 1) = xyz
205	z(1, 0) = 0: z(1, 1) = -.9
206	x(2, 0) = 0: x(2, 1) = -.9
207	y(2, 0) = 0: y(2, 1) = .9
208	z(2, 0) = xyz: z(2, 1) = xyz
209
210	RETURN
211
212	tekenpunt:
213
214	FOR tel = 0 TO aantal - 1
215	PSET (x2d(tel), y2d(tel)), 7 + tel
216	NEXT tel
217	RETURN
218
219	tekenlijn:
220	FOR tel1 = 0 TO aantal - 1
221	FOR tel2 = tel1 TO aantal - 1
222	LINE (x2d(tel1), y2d(tel1))-(x2d(tel2), y2d(tel2)), 2 + tel1 + tel2
223	NEXT tel2
224	NEXT tel1
225	RETURN
226
227	wislijn:
228	CLS
229	RETURN
230
231	status:
232	CLS
233	IF scherm = 0 THEN PRINT "EGA (16k)"
234	IF scherm = 1 THEN PRINT "VGA (16k)"
235	IF scherm < 2 THEN PRINT "Window-grootte :"; wg
236	IF scherm < 2 THEN PRINT "Sterkte Fzwaarte:"; mfz
237	IF scherm < 2 THEN PRINT "Aantal 1db's :"; aantal
238	IF scherm < 2 THEN PRINT "r_oud :"; willoud
239	IF scherm < 2 THEN PRINT "r_nieuw :"; willnieuw
240	IF scherm < 2 THEN PRINT "Afronding c_oud :"; afrond
241	RETURN
242
243